MISSING LINKS: A Magazine for Genealogists Vol. 7, No. 22, 2 June 2002 Circulation: 17,622+ http://www.petuniapress.com/ (c) 2001-2002 Julia M. Case Editor-at-Fault: Julia M. Case juliecase@prodigy.net o The Hidden Clues in Guardianship Bonds o Web Links o Australian Memories of 60 Years Ago o The Meaning of Last Names o Ghostly Encounters o Conferences, Research Trips, Seminars, Workshops o Reunions o Somebody's Links o Letters o Humor o Reprint Policy; Subscribe/Unsubscribe Instructions THE HIDDEN CLUES IN GUARDIANSHIP BONDS by Richard A. Pence richardpence@pipeline.com http://www.pipeline.com/~richardpence/ The researcher was becoming frustrated by her inability to discover the maiden name of her ancestor Mary, the wife of Anthony KELLER. "All I have been able to find out," she lamented on a surname mailing list, "is that Anthony's second wife made life so miserable for Mary's two boys that they were forced to go back to Ohio to live with their Uncle Bill." When someone asked how she was able to learn that, here is the story she told: Anthony's wife Mary died, leaving two small boys, Philip, age five, and George, age three. About a year later, in 1847, Anthony remarried to a woman named Sally and the following spring the family moved from Ohio to Indiana. Our researcher discovered that in February of 1850, Anthony's brother William, who remained in Ohio, had been made the guardian of Philip and George, "children of Anthony KELLER" (the word "orphans" had been crossed out and "children" inserted in the record). "That second wife actually drove them out of the house!," our researcher declared. When another family researcher pointed out that Philip and George were enumerated with their father and stepmother in Indiana in both 1850 and 1860, our researcher wrote this off by saying the boys were "probably just visiting" in the summer. We all know guardianship bonds are important genealogical sources. Often, in the case of the early death of a parent, they provide the only proof of the link from one generation to the next. Additionally, an understanding of the reason for such records can also help solve other knotty genealogical mysteries. One of the perplexing things for many researchers is that a family might exist without one of the parents for a considerable period -- even several years -- and then, suddenly, the names of the children appear in the guardianship bond book and they now have a court-appointed legal guardian. Why? Why the long delay? Why suddenly is there a need for a guardian for the orphans of a man or a woman who has been dead for a half dozen years? Was the surviving spouse just too busy to get around to doing a required legal chore? Or were the children actually being maltreated by the surviving parent? What is going on? An important thing to understand is that when a person was appointed the guardian of a minor child (generally any child under age 21), the reason is not to place the guardian in charge of rearing of the child. "Bound boys and girls" are the ones who are placed in the charge of others. Guardians have a different responsibility, that of protecting the material assets of their wards. Therein lies the answer to the question, "Why now?" What a guardianship bond silently tells us is that some recent event had triggered the need for a guardian. Some new event may mean the children are about to acquire some property. For example, one reason for the sudden need to have a guardian for the children might be that a widow has decided to remarry. Now it has become necessary to protect the children's property rights in their father's estate from the "clutches" of their new stepfather. So one of the first things you should do is check the marriage bonds for that time frame. If the widow did remarry, knowing who she married might enable you to track the family's later moves, for example. It gets better. Let us consider the case of "the unwanted stepchildren" who were "adopted by their Uncle Bill." Our researcher saw the record and thought of it in terms of an adoption proceeding, thus missing the real message in the record. The reason for a guardian surely had to be that some outside event had made it necessary. It is this triggering event that might have told our researcher how to solve the mystery of the maiden name of Anthony's wife Mary. For, you see, Philip and George were about to come into some money. Therefore, they needed a guardian to look after their interests. The family was way off in Indiana, so it was decided that Anthony's brother William back in Ohio was the one to look after things -- because he was where "the action" was. "The action" was this: Mary's father had died intestate (without a will). Since Mary's mother was already deceased, this meant that Mary and her siblings were each entitled to an equal share of the father's estate. Since Mary also was deceased, her two sons were, by law, each entitled to half of her share. So, while the guardianship record didn't actually say that Uncle William was going to be keeping track of how Mary's father's estate was being administered, it should have alerted our researcher to the fact that "Something recently happened to trigger this action." And what triggered the activity probably was not the "wicked stepmother." Once you have this clue, then it is time to start looking at the other county records for the "trigger" -- in particular, the contemporary estate records. You can now focus your search, making it relatively easy to discover that among the heirs of Alexander WILEY, who died in late 1849, is "Mary KELLER, deceased, leaving two sons in Indiana." There are still other clues in guardianship records and these, too, must be properly interpreted. Sometimes, for example, you will encounter a record that says, "George Jones, age 14, orphan of Samuel Jones, chose Adam Jones as his guardian." In most jurisdictions, once a child reached age 14, he or she had the legal right to choose his or her own guardian. Thus, in the absence of a specified age, a person who has chosen his or her own guardian can be presumed to be at least 14 years old. However, the words "age 14" in such a record may not mean that the child was age 14 at the time. What they often mean is that he or she is AT LEAST age 14 and thus is entitled to choose his or her own guardian. As you become more experienced, your eye will discover even more hidden messages in guardianship records. What, for instance, could be the reason one of the children in the family is not mentioned in any of the guardianship records? When the mother is made the guardian is it relevant when the record says "the orphans of her deceased husband" and DOES NOT say something like "her minor children"? Is there a story behind why the bond says "orphan and sole heir" rather than just "orphan"? (There sure can be!) The lesson is that even a supposedly brief and direct record such as a guardianship bond can contain within it the answer to a completely different puzzle. [Editor's Note: To find other articles by Richard Pence, click on the search option at http://www.petuniapress.com/ and use "Pence" (without the quotation marks) as the search term.] * * ADVERTISEMENTS * * "Thank you for your Web site. I was able within the first five minutes online to find my grandparents and great-grandparents' information. I was so excited to finally be able to find this information on my family." Katherine P. Search Over a Billion Names www.kindredkonnections.com/cgi-bin/genealogy/afilmail?320+0+L1 * * * The June products at www.genealogical.com feature CDs on South Carolina, Ohio, New England, Quaker, and Irish genealogy; and books about North Carolina Loyalists, Georgia Bible records, Using tax lists, Quaker research, State census records, Translating German records, Genealogy and genetics, more. Check them out today! http://www.genealogical.com/new_products.cfm Are you thinking about self-publishing a book? Visit our sister company, GATEWAY PRESS, the most respected subsidy publisher of family histories in the U.S. http://www.gatewaypress.com/index.html Get your copy of TRACING ANCESTORS AMONG THE FIVE CIVILIZED TRIBES. SOUTHEASTERN INDIANS PRIOR TO REMOVAL and scale the brick wall in your Native American research. http://www.genealogical.com/item_detail.cfm?ID=3350 * * END OF ADVERTISEMENTS * * WEB LINKS ADOPTION PUZZLE. Learning to search, reunion registries, adoption support directory for all adoption triangle members, mailing lists, adoption reform, adoption laws/legal help, online search tools, Web chat. http://www.genealogytoday.com/adoption/puzzle/ AFRICAN AMERICAN GENEALOGY RESEARCH mostly in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, the District of Columbia, and Louisiana. Earliest known relative is Harriet BUTLER (1798-1894), born in St. Mary's County, Maryland. Main surnames include ALLEN, BUTLER, CARTER, CHEATHAM, CHITTAMS, COLES, HOWARD, JOHNSON, and WILLIAMS. Some old photographs and brief genealogies. http://www.geocities.com/pchittams/ CANADA. Census of Canada, 1901. Access digitized images of the original census returns, which record age, nationality, religion, profession, income, education, etc. for every resident of Canada on 31 March 1901. The database allows you to search by geographic location, but not by family name. http://www.archives.ca/02/020122_e.html CITY DIRECTORIES OF THE USA. Printed, microfilmed, and online directories and their repositories, listed by state, locality, and repository with call number if available or link. http://www.uscitydirectories.com/ INDIANA. Noble County Genealogical Society. Many records online. http://www.nobgensoc.org/ MASSACHUSETTS. Ye Olde Burial Grounds, Plympton, Massachusetts. Plymouth Colony families found at Plympton, including SAM(P)SON, CUSHMAN, CHURCHILL, BRYANT, Adam WRIGHT, all of Plymouth Colony, and BRADFORD, BISBEE, SOULE, PERKINS, and WESTON families of Plympton. Photographs of gravestones of named family members. http://www.geocities.com/sdbumpus/index.html MISSOURI. World War I Military Service Cards Database. Consists of transcriptions of more than 145,000 service cards of army and marine soldiers from Missouri, 1917-1919. Information includes name, serial number, race, residence, place and date of enlistment, place of birth and age or date of birth, rank, wounds or injuries, dates of overseas service, discharge date. http://www.sos.state.mo.us/archives/ww1/ PENNSYLVANIA GERMAN MAGAZINE. "Hiwwe wie Driwwe" is the only Pennsylvania German magazine which is published completely in the dialect. Topics include language, genealogy, tourism, Pennsylvania German folk culture, Palatine language and culture. http://www.hiwwe-wie-driwwe.de/ SPAIN IN AMERICA is a history and genealogy site that accepts messages both in English and Spanish. Photos, historical accounts, Spanish surnames, relevant historical links. http://www.msnusers.com/SpainInAmerica/ UNITED KINGDOM. Her Majesty The Queen's Golden Jubilee – Official Site. 2002 marks the 50th anniversary of Her Majesty The Queen's Accession to the Throne. Information, calendar, latest news, and links. There will be live online coverage of the events on 3 and 4 June 2002. http://www.goldenjubilee.gov.uk/ UNITED KINGDOM. NORTHEASTERN POLICE HISTORY SOCIETY: From the Tees to the Tweed. Table of contents of back issues of "Crown to Crown," the society's journal; latest issue of online newsletter; members' books and publications; external links to the official history pages of numerous forces as well as links to some official and unofficial sites concerning various aspects of UK police history (marine police, police museums, former police forces, genealogy, police insignia and memorabilia, police history societies, police communications, Northeast police research and archives, old police vehicle photos, etc.) Police history enquiry service. "The Society is keen to assist family historians in their search for information and ancestors who were once police officers in this area." http://www.nepolicehistory.homestead.com/ WYOMING, Sheridan County. Home to Arvada, Banner, Big Horn, Clearmont, Dayton, Leiter, Parkman, Ranchester, Sheridan, Story. Wolf, and Wyarno. If you are looking for someone in Sheridan, click the "Finding People" link to post a message. http://www.discoversheridan.com/ * * * * * AUSTRALIAN MEMORIES OF 60 YEARS AGO The discussion began when Marie heartseas@optusnet.com.au asked on the mailing list AUS-MEMORIES-L@rootsweb.com , "Does anyone remember the night the Japanese subs came into Sydney Harbour?" Later she wrote: " . . . Japanese subs entered the Harbour about 10:30 p.m. on 31st May 1942 and the KUTTABEL was sunk about 12:30 a.m. on 1st June 1942. . ." Later she reports, "They never got the 'Mother Sub.' It shelled Newcastle a week later . . ." On 1 June 2002, Marie Lute mlute@northnet.com.au wrote: "Because of the shells that fell in Newcastle, my mum and her mum, being widows, were evacuated from Merewether up to Narrabri. Any widows with relatives in the country were dispatched to safety. So, my two brothers and myself, mum, and nanna went to nanna's brother. We stayed there for the duration of the war. [It] must have been a great culture shock for mum and nanna to go from gas stove and electricity, coal heating, to a small bull-nosed verandah home with no electricity or gas, wood-burning stove and open fire. We used to have our baths in a round tin bath in front of the fire (in winter of course). Mum had to learn to cope with a copper outside plus an outdoor pan toilet. We loved our little house, and the ladies soon got used to kerosene lights, learned to cook on and in the wood stove, and coped with the occasional fall of the clean washing into the dirt. A big bonus was the fact that my middle brother lost the asthma that made him so ill in Newcastle. After the war ended we headed back to Newcastle, but unfortunately, within a couple of weeks, my brother's asthma was worse than ever. Mum had to pack once more and head for the dry climate of Narrabri, this time without the Government assistance. She sold her engagement ring to move us, something that made me sad for her, although I was very young. Of course the life of her son was worth it to her. It turned out he was allergic to the yellow mustard weed that grew profusely around Merewether. The family stayed in Narrabri from then on, my eldest brother and family are still there today. Sadly, we lost our dear middle brother last year. That's my memories of the Japanese subs, although I was far too young to know at the time what really was happening. * * * * * THE MEANING OF LAST NAMES by Walter Kömpel WKoempel@t-online.de Am Küppel 14, D-97772 Wildflecken – Oberbach Germany MUELLER, ZIEGLER, HÜFNER, RÜTTIGER, KÖMPEL, HEROK, GRÖSCHL, SEITNER, DREIFÜRST, LANG; KURZ, ARNSBERG, OBERBACH, and WERBERG are among the thousands of names that can be found in Germany. Many last names (surnames) were derived from a profession, such as MÜLLER (Miller), SCHREINER (Carpenter), and BAUER (Farmer). Others found their origin in names for a physical feature or body shape such as LANG (Long), KURZ (Short), or MAGER (Skinny). Some people are named for mountains near their hometown, such as AUERSBERG, ARNSBERG, KREUZBERG, PILSTER, and BEILSTEIN. A while ago I was looking in a German telephone directory CD for small villages in my vicinity. Under "last name" I typed the village or town name (ALTENFELD, BIRX, BREITENBACH, DETTER, FRANKENHEIM, GERSFELD or GERSFELDER, HETTENHAUSEN, KOTHEN, MOTTEN, MUENCHAU, PLATZ, RIEDENBERG or REIDENBERGER, ROSSBACH, SANDBERG, SCHILDECKER, SCHMALNAUER, SCHMALWASSER, SPARBROD, THALU, VOLKERS, WEISSENBACH, WERBERG or WERBERGER) and was surprised to find out that a lot of people in Germany have last names like villages, towns, and mountains in our area. A few days later I searched a six-CD telephone directory of North America and was surprised again to learn that many of these last names also are found in the United States. [I am looking for descendants of Johann Joseph, Conrad, and Andreas KOEMPEL, who emigrated from Kothen to the United States between 1832 and 1848. Walter Koempel WKoempel@t-online.de ] [Editor's Note: To find other articles by Walter Koempel, click on the search option at http://www.petuniapress.com/ and use "Koempel" (without the quotation marks) as the search term.] * * * * * GHOSTLY ENCOUNTERS? by Brenda Adams bbadams@orcon.net.nz After years of scrolling through mailing lists, following up every little clue, and searching lists, I was nearly giving up. My father's missing family seemed no closer to being discovered. Then a generous person offered to look up records in the small village in England where my father was born. Not only did she find one of my father's families, but three of them. My grandmother was found living with her family in 1901 at No. 1 Station Road. This was the police station. The researcher continued: This is where life gets very spooky -- my husband and I were both police officers in this county, and served in the village in the early 1970s, working in this very house. The sergeant at the time lived in the police house attached to the police station, just as your family would have. The house and the station were still in use up until the late 1970s and is still standing. It is being used as a public house called "The Old Nick." Even odder is the fact that my husband can remember people talking about this particular sergeant, even when he served there! My aging living relatives are as delighted as I am to find "our" families, and my faith in human kindness is renewed. Thank you again Sally. * * * * * CONFERENCES, RESEARCH TRIPS, SEMINARS, WORKSHOPS. On the Web, read about and post details of upcoming genealogical events at http://www.rootsweb.com/~autwgw/gencon/list.htm and/or, after subscribing to GEN-EVENTS-L-request@rootsweb.com, post the notice to the mailing list GEN-EVENTS-L@rootsweb.com 6 July 2002. 250th Anniversary FAMILY HISTORY CONFERENCE will be held from 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. at Pottstown Middle School, Franklin and East Streets, Pottstown, Pennsylvania. 36 workshops (one or two hour classes) covering a wide range of topics are scheduled. The $20 registration fee includes your lunch and a syllabus. For a registration form, e-mail Steve & Pat Sharp at patsharp@worldlynx.net or telephone 610-326-2025. REGISTRATION FORMS MUST BE RECEIVED BY 10 June 2002. Hotel accommodations are available at Holiday Inn Express: 610-327-3300 or dnm366@aol.com 8-11 July 2002. The East Tennessee Historical Society FAMILY TREE CAMP will be held at the East Tennessee History Center in downtown Knoxville. At the camp, kids will learn methods such as talking to older relatives, using original records, visiting cemeteries and libraries, and touring history museums. Each child participant is invited to bring along an adult family member to help them "dig their roots." Help us plant the seeds of historic interest in tomorrow's generation. For more information, visit http://www.east-tennessee-history.org/ 8-11/12 July 2002. The Illinois State Genealogical Society's 8th Annual GENEALOGICAL INSTITUTE OF MID-AMERICA will be held in Springfield, Illinois on the University of Illinois-Springfield campus. Housing is available in campus dormitories. Instructors and course offerings are: Michael John Neill, "Genealogical Research Methods and Sources, Part I"; Sandra Luebking, "Genealogical Research Methods and Sources, Part II"; Lloyd Bockstruck "Germanic Colonists and Immigrants in North America"; and Paul Milner "Genealogy in England: Overview of Archives, Societies, Libraries and Research Process." Registration includes one of the four courses, late afternoon general sessions, refreshments, three dinners, a banquet, a certificate of attendance, parking, and a course syllabus. (A separate computer workshop is offered on 12 July 2002. "Before You Hit Enter: Genealogy Techniques in a Digital World" will be presented by Michael John Neill. This workshop can be added to your registration or taken on its own.) For a registration brochure visit the Illinois State Genealogical Society Web site http://www.rootsweb.com/~ilsgs/index.html or write to Illinois State Genealogical Society, PO Box 10195, Springfield, IL 62791-0195. For any questions, contact Sue Kaufman at kaufmansusan@juno.com or 260-478-2174. * * * * * REUNIONS. Check for reunions of interest and post information about your own upcoming reunion on RootsWeb's Family Reunions Calendar [TWO-LINE URL] http://resources.rootsweb.com/~calendar/ cgi-bin/calendar.cgi?calname=FAMILY_REUNIONS 9 June 2002. Reunion in Cresco, Iowa at Evans Park, "the one on the south side near the ball park" (not the one by the pool on the north side) for all the descendants of William A. WHITE (born 1769 in Kent County, England) and Mary BROWN, including descendants of Alfred WHITE and Eliza DEVOL, Alfred WHITE and Elizabeth HARLOW, Charles E. WHITE and Amelia WALKER, Charles E. WHITE and Abbie FREEMAN, and J. Alfred WHITE and Ella Evaline ("Eva") HARDESTY. Noon Potluck. [Submitted by Ed and Yvonne (White) Ellwood akia12@yahoo.com ] 6 July 2002, 2-7 p.m. The 74th DEVINS Family Reunion will be held at the "DEVINS Orchard" near Aurora, Ontario, CANADA. For details, see http://devinsreunion.canadianwebs.com/ * * * * * SOMEBODY'S LINKS. Please send notices about genealogical treasures found to juliecase@prodigy.net . To find the fully searchable database of all back issues of MISSING LINKS and SOMEBODY'S LINKS or to download individual back issues, click the appropriate link at http://www.petuniapress.com/ o I have three pictures that I purchased either at a garage sale or a secondhand store in Oregon. They are labeled as: -- on the back "Uncle Ed COUNTESS and Aunt Pearl, marriage around 1910 or 1913"; -- on front "Mom. Grandma and Grandma COUNTESS, Dayton Park, 4th of July about 1911"; and -- a group picture with individuals listed: Emma PERRSON, Grace JACKMAN, Hazel PARKER, Cora COUNTESS, Ruth MACAULAY, Carrie ROWLEY, Ruth STERMER, George WALDO, George A. GABRIEL (principal), Clayton E. WILLARD, Verl STRETCH, Emmett BOOTH, Herman LOUIS, Junior Class of 1917. Unfortunately my scanner is not working at the moment but I would send the pictures to a person with connections. Verdena Veelle vveelle@teleport.com o I have a photograph of the Turk Team from 1923. This appears to be a girls' field hockey team. The signatures on the back (some more readable than others, so these are my best guess) are Myra VICKERY, Louise DEUER, Betsey BRUOKE, Ruth Mae SOURRANAU, Mary Emma SCHMUNK, Jean? Raeat WOERR, Kitty BRIGHTBILL, Virginia Spencer ROTHERT, Edith McCONNELL, Mary DICKERSHAN, Virginia FOX, Helen SHEDDEN, and my grandmother Frances E. RUSS. I would be happy to send a scanned image to anyone who can help identify who's who. My grandmother would have been 17 at the time of the photo; the other young ladies appear to be about the same age. The photo was probably taken in Pennsylvania or New York, as Frances grew up in Pennsylvania and attended school in New York for a while. Please put "Turk Team" in the subject line of your reply. Linda Rushton larushton@yahoo.com * * * * * LETTERS TO THE EDITOR. Please send letters as plain text e-mail messages (no attachments) to juliecase@prodigy.net On this Memorial Day morning I wondered once again where my cousin, who died in France in 1944, is buried. Tonight I read Missing Links [ML 7:21, 26 May 2002], found the Web link for the American dead from WWII, and clicked on it. Not only did I find his burial plot, row, and grave number in the Normandy American Cemetery, but also included were his rank, regiment and division, and his awards. Becky Adams Grigg bagrigg@yahoo.com [American Battle Monuments Commission, World War II Dead (does not include those whose remains were returned to the U.S. for burial) search: http://www.americanwardead.com/searchww.htm . Find links to other searches at http://www.abmc.gov/ ] * * * [Re "Free Versus Fee, A Foolish Spat," by Sandra Devlin, in ML 7:20, 19 May 2002.] Surely the fee versus free dialectic is a "straw man." Give it a shake and it falls to pieces. Is the author of that strange article's claim for real? That the issue of fee for professional services in some way needs defence? I've been interested and involved in genealogical pursuits for the past 30 or so years and whenever I've encountered the fee versus free proposition I, like I expect the vast majority of others, have treated it as being in the same vein as all the other "aortas" -- "aorta do this, aorta do that" that pepper bar room conversations or the living room on wet Sunday afternoons. Dry conversation on topics like government policies, about which we all have an opinion, mostly uninformed, and about which we love to moan, groan and gripe. It would be difficult surely, to argue credibly against the realities of fee for professional service, or against the necessity of records repositories recovering costs of making their records available to increasing numbers of applicants. It seems to me that most of the genealogy-related whines and grumbles I hear come not from an anti-fee lobby but from those who have submitted (i.e., voluntarily given) their data to such organisations as World Family Tree and have then, sometime later been invited to buy back the data as part of a CD-ROM full of unrelated information. Basically, I suppose it's a sort of "vanity press" arrangement. In such situations, let either vanity or caveat emptor prevail. Mike Steer msteer@ozemail.com.au * * * [Re "What if You Had a Barrel Full of Money?" in ML 7:20, 19 May 2002] The letter on money transport reminded me of an article in the current issue of the Missouri State Genealogical Association Journal. A Missouri family traveled overland to California to seek gold. They were successful and returned via the Horn. One of the ladies was outfitted with a special vest, which has many pockets in which to carry their gold coins. (Apparently they went to the mint and had their gold dust coined.) The vest is on display in the State Museum in the Capitol building. One can see the wear pattern from the coins. The story was salvaged from a Thermofax of a typescript. Bob Doerr bdoerr@rollanet.org http://www.rollanet.org/~bdoerr/state.htm * * * * * HUMOR. Thanks to the town historian of Alabama (Genesee County) New York, Cindy Amrhein cinjod@pcom.net , who found this article quoting an enumerator's comments on taking the census. [See the Historian's Web page at http://www2.pcom.net/cinjod/historian/ ] THE DAILY NEWS, Batavia, Genesee Co., New York Saturday Evening, March 5, 1892 Joseph W. BURKE, the Alexander enumerator, . . .. Enumerator BURKE, speaking of his work, says that there are only four persons in Alexander 90 years of age or over. The oldest inhabitant is Helen CURTIS, mother of Roswell C. CURTIS, in her 96th year. "How old are you?" the enumerator asked an Irish woman. "Eighty-three years next Lady Day," was her reply. What did she mean? Another person, on being asked if he was born in this country, replied: "No, I was born in Vermont." "It was surprising," Mr. BURKE says, "how few people were aware that an enumeration was being taken. It is remarkable how many people are more or less deaf." * * * * * PERMISSION TO REPRINT articles from MISSING LINKS is granted unless stated otherwise, PROVIDED: (1) the reprint is not used for commercial purposes; and (2) the following notice appears at the end of the article: Previously published in MISSING LINKS, Vol. 7, No. 22, 2 June 2002 http://www.petuniapress.com and written by [author's name, e-mail address, and URL, if given]. CALL FOR ARTICLES, STORIES. MISSING LINKS welcomes articles about genealogical research methods and sources from all parts of the world. MISSING LINKS also welcomes delightful, amusing, amazing, cautionary, and otherwise educational and wonderful tales of genealogical research. Genealogical travel stories are of particular interest in the summer months. Please send articles and stories for consideration for publication as plain text e-mail messages (no attachments) to juliecase@prodigy.net To SUBSCRIBE (or UNSUBSCRIBE) from MISSING LINKS and SOMEBODY'S LINKS, search the database, read online or download back issues, and enjoy the illustrated versions of some articles previously published in MISSING LINKS, go to http://www.petuniapress.com/ and click the appropriate link.